首页 > 学历类考试

网友您好，请在下方输入框内输入要搜索的题目：

请输入或粘贴题目内容搜题

搜题

拍照、语音搜题，请扫码下载APP

题目内容（请给出正确答案）

[主观题]

People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and

so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy--one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serius problems of intellectual adjustment.

Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped--or, as the case might be bumped into- concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers--the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threenes that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table--is itself far from innate.

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．Trends in teaching mathematics to children.

B．The use of mathematics in child psychology.

C．The development of mathematical ability in children.

D．The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn.

答案

查看答案

发布时间：2024-01-12

更多“People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and”相关的问题

第1题

Many visitors finds the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One's first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a short moment.

At first, this may seem unfriendly to you. People will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home. Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often, life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well.

Americans who live in cities often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example. But When they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. If you need help and say, "I am a stranger here. Can you help me？' Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find you way or answer your questions. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you help. If this happens, do not be discouraged (气馁); just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.

Many people who first visit the United States will find that（）.

A.America is a highly developed country

B.Americans are impatient and unfriendly people

C.the fast pace in American life often causes much trouble

D.American city people seem to be always in a rush

点击查看答案

第2题

Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for food, a

dding up to more than 8 billion animals each year. Reducing the amount of meat in one’s diet is nutritionally, environmentally, and ethically beneficial.

People who eat meat usually have weaker immune systems compared to those of vegetarians. Meat has been directly linked to diabetes, obesity, arthritis, and many other illnesses. Furthermore, meat-eaters are at a higher risk for diseases, including cancer, and they are more likely to die from these diseases. Critics say that a meatless diet does not provide enough nutrients, especially protein and iron. Actually, according to A Teen’s Guide to Going Vegetarian, by Judy Krizmanic, protein is found in almost every food, and iron appears in many vegetables. Getting enough nutrients in a meat-reduced diet should not be difficult. A 1988 study found that some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. Diets including more fruits and vegetables will only make people healthier.

Some skeptics believe that there will be a shortage of food if animals are not eaten. In fact, the opposite is true. More than 80% of the corn and 95% of the oats grown in the US are fed to livestock. The world’s cattle alone consume enough food to equal the caloric needs of 8.7 billion people, more than the entire human population. One half of the water used in the Unites States also goes to livestock; 2.50 gallons of water produces only 1 pound of beef. If people eat less meat and more plants, the amount of available food will increase.

Many people become vegetarians because they feel that eating animals is unethical. 90% of these animals are raised in confinement. Chickens and other birds have only about half. a square foot of space each, and since they are raised so close together, a hot blade is used to cut off their beaks to prevent them from pecking each other to death. Likewise, pigs that are repressed will bite each other’s tails, so both their teeth and tails are removed as soon as they are born.

Eating animals is hazardous in numerous ways. Even a slight reduction in meat intake is better than nothing at all. Consuming less meat is beneficial to the health of animals, the health of people, and to the health of the world.

Which of the following is true according to A Teen’s Guide to Going Vegetarian？

A．A diet without meat cannot supply enough protein.

B．Nearly all the food we eat contains protein.

C．It’s difficult to get enough nutrients in a meatless diet.

D．Some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat.

点击查看答案

第3题

In the recent past, medical researchers have shown that heart disease is associated with c

ertain factors in our day-to-day lives: with stress, with smoking, with poor nutrition (营养), and with a (51) of exercise. Doctors and other health experts have been (52) the fact that we can often reduce the (53) of heart disease by paying more attention to these factors.

More and more people are realizing that there is a (54) between heart disease and the way they live. As a result of this new (55) , attitudes toward health are changing:In the past, people tend to think that it was sufficient for good health to have a good doctor who could be (56) on to know exactly what to do when they became ill. (57) they are realizing that merely receiving the best treatment (58) illness or injury "is not enough. They are learning that they must (59) more responsibility for their own health. Today many people are changing their dietary (60) and eating food with less fat and cholesterol(胆固醇). Many are paying more attention to reducing (61) in their lives. The number of smokers in the United States is now far below the level of twenty years ago because many people succeed in breaking the habit and as fewer people (62) it up. More and more are aware of the (63) of regular exercise like walking, running, or swimming, some have begun to walk or ride bicycles to work instead of made. Millions have become members of health clubs and have made health clubs one of the fastest growing businesses in the United States today. And now the (64) effects of these changing attitudes and behaviors are beginning to appear: a(n) (65) decrease in deaths from heart disease.

(51)

A．shortage

B．failure

C．plenty

D．lack

点击查看答案

第4题

听力原文：In 1858, a British scientist named William Farr set out to study the "marital con

听力原文： In 1858, a British scientist named William Farr set out to study the "marital condition" of the people of France. He divided the adults into three categories: the "married", consisting of husbands and wives; the "unmarried", defined as the bachelors and spinsters who had never married; and finally the "widowed", those who had experienced the death of a spouse. (29)Using birth, death and marriage records, Farr analyzed the death rates of the three groups at various ages. The work, a groundbreaking study that helped establish the field of medical statistics, showed that much more unmarried people died from disease than the married. And the widowed, Farr found, lived worst of all.

Farr was among the first scholars suggesting that there is a health advantage to marriage. Married people, the data seemed to show, lived longer, healthier lives. "Marriage is a healthy estate," Farr concluded. "The single individual is more likely to be wrecked on his voyage than the lives joined together in marriage."

(30) While Farr's own study is no longer relevant to the social realities of today's world because his three categories don't include couples living together, gay couples and the divorced, for instance, his finding about the health benefits of marriage seems to have stood the test of time. (31)Although better health among the married some times simply reflects the fact that healthy people are more likely to get married in the first place, scientists have continued to prove the "marriage advantage": the fact that married people, on average, appear to be healthier and live longer than unmarried people.

(30)

A．The birth rates.

B．The death rates.

C．The divorce rates.

D．The widow rates.

点击查看答案

第5题

Living in a second culture can be like riding on a roller coaster. Sometimes foreign visit

ors are elated; sometimes they are depressed. First there is the combination of enthusiasm and excitement that is felt while travelling. New foods and aromas, different faces, foreign language, and interesting customs all fascinate the traveller. A foreign visitor usually has high expectations and is eager to become familiar with a new culture.

Of course, international travellers may have difficulties in understanding the adjustment problems that trouble them. Many people do not recognize that the problems, feelings, and mood changes that are related to living in a second culture are not unique. It is common for international visitors or immigrants to vacillate(摇摆) between loving and hating a new country. The newness and strangeness of a foreign cul ture are bound to affect a traveller's emotions.'

"Culture shock" occurs as a result of total immersion(沉浸) in a new culture. It happens to "peo ple who have been suddenly transplanted abroad". Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people's behavior. in daily life. The visitor finds that "yes" may not always mean "yes", or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The notion of "culture shock" helps explain feelings of bewilderment and disorientation (不辨方向 ).Language problems do not account for all the frustrations(挫折) that people feel. When one is deprived of everything that was once familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing bow to make friends, difficulties in coping with new society may arise.

The word "elated" (Para. 1, Line 2) means ______.

A．high-spirited

B．low-spirited

C．curious

D．impressed

点击查看答案

第6题

根据以下材料回答题 Movies are the most popular form. of entertainment（娱乐 ) for milli

根据以下材料回答题

Movies are the most popular form. of entertainment(娱乐 ) for millions of Americans．They goto the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting thantheir own．They may choose to see a particular film because they like the actors or because theyhave heard the film has a good story．But the main reason why people go to the movies is to es-cape．Sitting in a dark theater, watching the images on the screen, they enter another world that isreal to them．They become involved in the lives of the characters in the movie, and for two hours,they forget all about their own problems．They are in a dream world where things often appear tobe more romantic and beautiful than in real life．

The biggest "dream factories" are in Hollywood, the capital of the film industry．Each year,Hollywood studios make hundreds of movies that are shown all over the world．American moviesare popular because they tell stories and they are well-made．They provide the public with heroeswho do things the average person would like to do but often can' t．People have to cope with manyproblems and much trouble in real life, so they feel encouraged when they see the"good guys"win in the movies．

The Americans go to the movies mainly because they want__________ ．查看材料

A.to enjoy a good story

B.to experience an exciting life

C.to see the actors and actresses

D.to escape their daily life

点击查看答案

第7题

Many visitors finds the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One’s

first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. At first, this may seem unfriendly to you. Drivers will rush you; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you; people will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home. Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often, life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well. Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to “push back”, just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example. But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. Many of them first came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be .If you need help or want to ask a question, choose a friendly looking person and say, “I am a stranger here. Can you help me？” Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find you way or answer your questions. But you must let them know that you need help. Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you aid. If this happens, do not be discouraged; just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.

1.Many people who first visit the United States will find that _______.

A、 America is a highly developed country

B、 American city people seem to be always in a rush

C、 the fast pace in American life often causes much trouble

D、 Americans are impatient and unfriendly people

2.When the author says “You will miss smile”, he means ___________.

A、 you will fail to notice that Americans are pleasant and happy

B、 you will be puzzled why Americans do not smile at you

C、 you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendly

D、 you will find that Americans don't have much sense of humor

3.In the author’s opinion, ___________.

A、 it is true that life in New York is much faster than that in any other city

B、 people living outside big cities are lazy and miserable

C、 most American people enjoy living in the suburbs of big cities

D、 those who are busy are not necessarily unfriendly

4.The life pace in cities is much ___________ than the one outside cities.

A、 faster

B、 slower

C、 happier

D、 sadder

5.If you say to an American that you are a stranger there, most probably he will _________.

A、 offer his help

B、 stop smiling at you

C、 help you find the way

D、 reply that he is pleased to meet you

点击查看答案

第8题

Proper street behavior. in the United States requires a nice balance of attention and inat

tention. You are supposed to look at a 【21】______ just enough to show that you're 【22】______ of his presence. If you look too little, you appear arrogant or furtive (鬼鬼祟祟的), too much, 【23】______ you're inquisitive. Usually what happens is that people 【24】______ each other until they are about eight feet 【25】______ , at which point both cast down their eyes. Sociologist Dr. Erving Goffman 【26】______ this as "a kind of dimming of lights."

Much of eye behavior. is so 【27】______ that we react to it only on the intuitive level. The next time you have a 【28】______ with someone who makes you feel liked, notice what he does with his eyes. 【29】______ are he looks at you more often than is usual with 【30】______ a little longer than the normal. You interpret this as a sign of a polite one 【31】______ he is interested in you as a person 【32】______ just in the topic of conversation. Probably you also feel that he is both 【33】______ and sincere.

All this has been demonstrated in elaborate 【34】______ . Subjects sit and talk in the psychologist's laboratory, 【35】______ of the fact that their eye behavior. is being 【36】______ from a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical experiment, 【37】______ were induced to cheat while performing a task, then were 【38】______ and observed. It was found that those who had 【39】______ met the interviewer's eyes less often than was 【40】______ , an indication that "shifty eyes" to use the mystery writers' stock phrase can actually be a tip-off to an attempt to deceive or to feelings of guilt.

【21】

A．friend

B．foreigner

C．passerby

D．stranger

点击查看答案

第9题

If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yoursel

f, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

If you say to your children "I'm sorry I got angry with you, but...", what follows that "but" can render the apology ineffective: "I had a bad day" or "your noise was giving me a headache" leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior. in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I'm sorry you're upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I'm useless as a parent" does not commit a person lo any specific improvement.

These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children's expectations can require an apology. A twelve-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent's clothes without permission is not.

If a mother adds "but" to an apology, ______.

A．she doesn't feel that she should have apologized

B．she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C．the child may find the apology easier to accept

D．the child may feel that he owes her an apology

点击查看答案

第10题

听力原文：Decreasing circulation has been a problem for newspapers for some years. The Inte

听力原文： Decreasing circulation has been a problem for newspapers for some years. The Internet is just the most recent competitor for people's time.

American media are privately owned. Newspapers get some of their money from renders. But mostly they depend on businesses to buy advertising space in their pages. The larger the circulation, the more a newspaper can charge advertisers. But recently, several newspapers have admitted lying about their number of readers.

The Tribune Company announced that it had overstated sales of two of its papers. These were Newsday and the Spanish-language paper Hoy. The Tribute Company also owns the Los Angeles Times and the Chicago Tribune. In July, the Audit Bureau of Circulations punished Newsday and Hoy. The two newspapers will have to report their circulation numbers more often than usual for the next two years.

Recently the Belo Corporation announced it had overstated the circulation of the Dallas Morning News, in Texas. The publisher will repay 23 million dollars to advertisers. It will also provide four million dollars in free advertising. Other publishers that falsely reported their circulations will also be repaying advertisers trillions of dollars.

An Audit Bureau spokeswoman says eases like these recent ones appear to be ram. But the Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it would expand its investigation to oilier newspapers.

(33)

A．The decreasing circulation of American newspapers.

B．The investigation on American newspapers.

C．The false circulation reports of American newspapers.

D．The punishment on American newspapers.

点击查看答案

第11题

The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According

to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.

In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to "book" him. "Booking" means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.

The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away — for example, because he owns a house and has a family — he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can't afford one.

The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney's office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.

At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a dale for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.

The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.

What is the main idea of the passage？

A．The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.

B．The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.

C．Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.

D．The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.

点击查看答案

账号：尚未登录

登录没有账号？去注册

购买搜题卡

下载APP

关注公众号

TOP