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听力原文：In public speaking, the watch word is preparation. Most of us tend to put things

听力原文： In public speaking, the watch word is preparation. Most of us tend to put things off, at least occasionally. It's so easy to put things off especially those things we do not look forward to doing. So if the speaking engagement is several weeks off, we may feel that we still have plenty of time. But as the day draws closer, we begin to panic. Don't let this happen to you. Start preparing as soon as you're given or accept the speaking assignment. You have much to do and to do it right will take time. How much better your speech will be and how much better you'll feel if you have taken the time to do it right! When you are prepared, you have gathered the needed data, determined what is appropriate to the listener's understanding and acceptance levels, organized the ideas so they flow logically, selected examples and other supports for your ideas and made them interesting to your listeners, developed a great opening that you know will capture the attention of even the daydreamers in your audience checked out the room where you'll be speaking and requested any feasible changes you wish in the set-up of the room If you are prepared, you are confident that you can best convey your message to your listeners. If you waited until a few days before your presentation to begin to prepare, or worse, yet, the day before, no doubt you'll be anxious and with good reason. And now there is not enough time to engage in more than a superficial attempt. Both you and the audience will feel uncomfortable, like retirement planning. It is never too early to start preparing for your presentation. So, start preparing right away.

(33)

A．Confidence.

B．Preparation.

C．Informativeness.

D．Select appropriate materials.

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发布时间：2024-01-12

更多“听力原文：In public speaking, the watch word is preparation. Most of us tend to put things”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：Most of us have an image of such a normal or standard English in pronunciation, a

听力原文： Most of us have an image of such a normal or standard English in pronunciation, and very commonly in Great Britain this is "Received Pronunciation", which is often associated with the public schools, Oxford, and the BBD. At the same time, it must be remembered that so far as the English-speaking countries are concerned, this "Received Pronunciation" approached the status of a "standard" almost only in England. Educated Scots, Irishmen, Americans, Australians, and others have their own different images of a standard form. of English.

Even in England it is difficult to speak of a standard in pronunciation. Pronunciation is infinitely variable, so that even given the will to adopt a single pronunciation, it would be difficult to achieve. There is no sure way of any two people saying the same word with precisely the same sound. In this respect pronunciation much more closely resembles handwriting than spelling. In spelling, there are absolute distinctions which can be learnt and imitated with complete precision: One can know at once whether a wont is spelt in a standard way or not. But two person' s handwritings and ciations may both be perfectly intelligible，yet have obvious differences without out being able to say which is“better”or more“standard”．

(33)

A．English pronunciation, spelling and handwriting.

B．The status of Received Pronunciation in the English-speaking countries.

C．The difficulty of achieving a standard in English pronunciation.

D．The importance of achieving a standard in English pronunciation.

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第2题

听力原文：W: Hello, Mr. Black's office.M: Hello, may I speak with the educational advisor？W

听力原文：W: Hello, Mr. Black's office.

M: Hello, may I speak with the educational advisor？

W: I'm sorry. Mr. Black's not here this morning, I'm his secretary. May I help you？

M: Yes, I would like some information about English-language schools in the United States. I'm graduating from Kuwait University this year and I want to study for my master's degree in America.

W: Have you been accepted by an American university yet？

M: Yes, I've just been accepted at the University of Chicago, but the university wrote me that I have to take an intensive English course before entering their program.

W: Well... there are many schools in the U.S. that offer English courses. Perhaps you should come down and talk to Mr. Black.

M: Ok. Could you make an appointment for me？

W: Yes, would nine o'clock tomorrow be all right？

M: No, I'm sorry. I can't come then. I have an exam at that time. Could I come the day after tomorrow at ten o'clock？

W: Yes, that will be fine, I think. May I have your name and phone number？

M: Sure, my name is Suleiman Mohammed and my phone number is 6536667.

W: Thank you, Mr. Suleiman. We'll see you Wednesday, June ninth, at ten o'clock.

M: Thank you. Good-bye.

W: Good-bye.

(20)

A．Mr. Black's secretary.

B．Mr. Suleiman.

C．The educational advisor.

D．A teacher at the University of Chicago.

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第3题

听力原文：The private motor vehicle has given us a freedom our ancestors could not dream ab

听力原文： The private motor vehicle has given us a freedom our ancestors could not dream about. We can travel swiftly, and usually safely, over the roads which have been built to accommodate our cars. People can display their wealth by driving a car which may cost as much as another person's home.

(29) Sadly the car has become a disadvantage as well as a boon. The car pollutes the atmosphere, may be involved in serious accidents, and by its very numbers blocks roads. (29) How can we reduce its use？ The car is only desirable if we can use it easily, so we might begin by reducing access to parking spaces in the cities and simultaneously increasing the quality and availability of public transport. Cars could be banned from certain parts of the city, thus forcing people to walk or to use public transport. The expense of buying and running a car can be raised. (30) If the motorist is faced with a high purchase price, high road tax, high insurance premiums and substantial fines he or she may reconsider the purchase. A corresponding reduction in the price of public transport would help this financial argument against car ownership.

Neither of these arguments will sway the super rich who can afford the status cars, but it would perhaps encourage them to look at other ways of demon-strafing their wealth. (31) However we do it, reducing the number of cars on the road will reduce the problems of pollution and the congestion which can bring cities to a standstill.

29. What does the speaker focus on？

30.What factor might hinder most people's consideration of purchasing private cars？

31.What would be the result if the number of private cars is reduced？

(4)

A．The sadness of being involved in accidents.

B．Ways to limit the use of private cars.

C．The serious pollution on motor roads.

D．Freedom to travel quickly and safely.

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第4题

PART C

Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

听力原文： Most summer school courses in Britain last for two to four weeks. During that time the students live either with a British family or at the school or in a hotel. They have about fifteen hours of lessons every Monday to Friday--usually in the morning. Each school has a lot of different courses. Some are for beginners and others are for intermediate or advanced students~ The lessons are fun, the classes are small and the teachers are all from English-speaking countries.

But summer school students don' t just speak English in the classroom. They are in Britain, so they speak and read and hear it outside, too. That' s why they learn so quickly and why a summer school course is really a holiday. Only one third of each course is taught in the classroom--the rest takes place during a busy afternoon and evening timetable of visits, sports and games. These activities help everyone to make new friends, have fun and improve their English.

What kind of courses do summer schools offer?

A.Courses in British history.

B.Language courses.

C.Courses in sports.

D.Teacher training courses.

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第5题

听力原文：W: Hi, Mike.M: Hi. I'm surprised to see you on the city bus. Why not drive your c

听力原文：W: Hi, Mike.

M: Hi. I'm surprised to see you on the city bus. Why not drive your car？

W: (23)I've been thinking about the environment lately. If we all use public transportation when we could, the air will be much cleaner.

M: Right. But the bus isn't exactly pollution free.

W: True. But they'll be running a lot cleaner soon, We were just talking about that in my environmental engineering class.

M: What's the city going to do？ Install pollution filters of some sort on their buses？

W: They could, but those filters make the engines work harder and really cut down on fuel efficiency. Instead they found a way to make their engines more efficient.

M: How？

W: Well, (24)there is a material called the coniine oxide. It's a really good insulator. And a thick coat of it gets sprayed on the certain part of the engine.

M: An insulator？

W: Yes. (25)It reflects back the heat of burning fuel. So the fuel will burn much hotter and burn up more completely.

M: So a lot less unburned fuel comes out to pollute the air, right？

W: Yeah, and the bus will need less fuel. So with the savings on fuel cost, they say this will all pay for itself in just six months.

M: Sounds like people should all go out and get this stuff to spray their car engines.

W: Well, not really that easy. To melt the materials before you can spray a coat of it on the engine parts, you first have to heat it over 10,000 degrees. It's not something we are able to do ourselves.

(20)

A．Something is wrong with her car.

B．The cost of the fuel is high.

C．It's cheap to take bus.

D．She thinks public transportation is environmental friendly.

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第6题

听力原文：The earliest libraries existed thousands of years ago in China and Egypt where co

听力原文： The earliest libraries existed thousands of years ago in China and Egypt where collections of records on tablets of baked clay were kept in temples and royal palaces. In the western world, libraries were first established in Ancient Greece. For example, Aristotle once had a research library in the 3rd century B. C.

The first library in the United States was a private library, which could only be used by authorized readers. In 1633, John Harvard gave money and more than 300 books to a newly- established college in Massachusetts. In return for his generosity, the legislature voted the school be named Harvard College. The librarian there set rules for the new library. Only college students and faculty members could use the books. No book could be lent for more than one month.

The earliest public library was established in Philadelphia in 1731. Although this library was open to every one, all readers had to pay a membership or subscription fee in order to borrow books. Very few subscription libraries exist today. Some book and stationary stores maintain small rental libraries, where anyone may borrow books for a daily charge. The first truly free public library that circulated books to every one at no cost was started at a small New England town in 1833. Today, there are more than 7,000 free public libraries throughout the US. They contain about 160 million books which were circulated to over 52 million readers.

Historically, the major purpose of free public libraries was educational. They were expected to provide adults with the opportunity to continue their education after they left school. SO the function of public library was once described as "less reservoir than a fountain". In other words, emphasis was to be placed on wide circulation rather than on collecting and storing books. Over the years public library services have greatly expanded. In addition to their continuing and important educational role, public libraries provide culture and recreation, and they are trying to fill many changing community needs. Most libraries offer browsing rooms where readers can relax on comfortable chairs and read current newspapers and magazines. Many also circulate music records. Library programs of films, lectures, reading clubs, and concerts also attract library users. In addition to books, records, periodicals, and reference material, libraries provide technical information such as books and pamphlets on gardening, carpentry and other specialized fields of interests. The largest public library in the US is the Library of Congress. It was originally planned as the reference library for the federal legislature. Today in addition to that important function, it serves as the reference library for the public, and sends out many books to other libraries on inter- library-loan system.

Unlike free pubic libraries, which open to everyone, private libraries can be used only by authorized readers. Many industrial and scientific organizations and business firms have collections of books, journals and research data for their staffs. Several private historical associations have research collections of special interest to their members. In addition, many elementary and secondary schools operate libraries for use by students and teachers. Prisons and hospitals maintain libraries too. The largest and the most important private libraries are operated by colleges and universities, and are used by students, faculty members, and occasionally by visiting scholars. Many universities have special libraries for research in particular fields, such as law, medicine and education. Recent surveys report that more than 300 million books are available in these academic libraries and they are regularly used by over 8 million students.

Questions：

16. Who drew up the rules for the first private library in the US？

17.Why was the earliest public library also called a subscription

A．The legislature.

B．The librarian.

C．John Harvard.

D．The faculty members.

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第7题

听力原文：W: I think there should be greater restrictions placed on the press and the stori

es they print. I can't open a newspaper or magazine without reading stories full of false information about myself or people I know. It's get ting...

M: Sorry, but I can't believe that you're actually complaining about free publicity. I mean I remember, Shelley, before you were famous, you were begging us to write features about you...anything...

W: If you would just let me finish of course the press have been important. I'm an actress and I understand the power of the press. But the thing is, I rarely seem to read anything true about myself these days... The point I'm trying to make here is that famous people have families with feelings.

M: Oh, sorry. You're really hurt by that particular article last week.

W: To increase circulation and make more money, certain newspapers continue to print those stories when it's obvious that they're not true.

M: But I think we have to consider the relationship between fame, the public and the press. The public are fascinated by fame and scandal, and they love to read about their favorite stars.

W: I'm sick of gutter-press making up stories. It's irresponsible and it messes up people's life.

M: The problem is, it's not always clear what's true and what isn't. I mean, if a newspaper prints something scandalous or embarrassing about a famous person, they're bound to deny it, but that doesn't mean it's not true.

W: Are you trying to say...

M: No smoke without fire, if you ask me.

(20)

A．A little known actress and a literary critic.

B．A well-known actress and a newspaper editor.

C．A movie star and one of her fans.

D．A movie star and a TV interviewer.

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第8题

听力原文：A sheep is eating grass. A．B．C．

听力原文：A sheep is eating grass.

听力原文：A sheep is eating grass. A．B．C．听力原文：A sheep i

A．

B．

C．

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第9题

听力原文：My sister works in a bank. A．B．C．

听力原文：My sister works in a bank.

听力原文：My sister works in a bank. A．B．C．听力原文：My sist

A．

B．

C．

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第10题

听力原文：Wang Fang is good at math. A．B．C．

听力原文：Wang Fang is good at math.

听力原文：Wang Fang is good at math. A．B．C．听力原文：Wang Fa

A．

B．

C．

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第11题

Public speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; serf-expos

ure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds.

Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If parents, teachers or peers mocked your foibles as a child, you fear a repeat. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of failing in the most public of ways.

While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.

Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written screeds to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true.

Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally, as script. rarely works and it is used as a crutch by most people. But, being yourself doesn't work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience.

I remember going to see British psychiatrist RD Laing speak in public. He behaved like a seriously odd person, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it.

The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of "flow", as psychologists call it, is very satisfying. Whether in normal life or making speeches, the key is to remind yourself that, contrary to what your teachers or parents may have implied, your best is good enough. In the zone, a strange place of authentic falsehood and shallow depth, play is possible.

For most people the biggest fear for public speaking is______.

A．looking foolish

B．failing in words

C．not attracting attention

D．appearing pressurized

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